Modular PHP Application inamaanisha:

Kugawa project katika modules ndogo zenye responsibilities maalumu

Kila module inashughulikia sehemu moja ya application

Rahisisha maintenance, testing, na expansion

Goal: Create a project structure ambayo ni organized na flexible.

⚙️ 2. Project Folder Structure
project_root/
│
├── app/
│ ├── modules/
│ │ ├── User/
│ │ │ ├── controllers/
│ │ │ │ └── UserController.php
│ │ │ ├── models/
│ │ │ │ └── User.php
│ │ │ └── views/
│ │ │ └── user_view.php
│ │ └── Product/
│ │ ├── controllers/
│ │ │ └── ProductController.php
│ │ ├── models/
│ │ │ └── Product.php
│ │ └── views/
│ │ └── product_view.php
├── core/
│ ├── App.php
│ └── Controller.php
├── public/
│ └── index.php
└── config/
└── config.php


💡 Maelezo:

Modules like User au Product zina structure ya MVC ndani yake

Modules zinakuwa independent lakini zinashirikiana na core

🧩 3. Example Module – User
app/modules/User/models/User.php
<?php
namespace App\Modules\User\Models;

class User {
public function getAllUsers(){
return [
['username'=>'John','email'=>'john@example.com'],
['username'=>'Jane','email'=>'jane@example.com']
];
}
}

app/modules/User/controllers/UserController.php
<?php
namespace App\Modules\User\Controllers;

use App\Modules\User\Models\User;

class UserController {
public function index(){
$user = new User();
$users = $user->getAllUsers();
require_once __DIR__ . '/../views/user_view.php';
}
}

app/modules/User/views/user_view.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Users List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Users</h2>
<ul>
<?php foreach($users as $u): ?>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars($u['username']); ?> - <?php echo htmlspecialchars($u['email']); ?></li>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

🧩 4. Front Controller (public/index.php)
<?php
spl_autoload_register(function($class){
$class = str_replace("\\", "/", $class);
$file = "../" . $class . ".php";
if(file_exists($file)) require_once $file;
});

// Example URL: /user/index
$url = isset($_GET['url']) ? explode('/', trim($_GET['url'],'/')) : [];
$module = $url[0] ?? 'user';
$method = $url[1] ?? 'index';

$controllerClass = "\\App\\Modules\\".ucfirst($module)."\\Controllers\\".ucfirst($module)."Controller";
if(class_exists($controllerClass)){
$controller = new $controllerClass();
if(method_exists($controller,$method)){
$controller->$method();
} else { echo "Method $method not found"; }
} else { echo "Controller $controllerClass not found"; }


💡 Maelezo:

Modules zinatumika kama self-contained units

Clean separation ya concerns

URL routing inaweza dynamically load modules

🔑 5. Best Practices

Organize by modules – each module has its MVC structure

Use namespaces – avoid class conflicts

Autoload classes – use spl_autoload_register or Composer

Keep modules independent – reusable across projects

Apply middleware or role-based access control per module

✅ 6. Hitimisho

Modular PHP applications make projects maintainable, scalable, and reusable

Easy to expand with new modules without affecting existing ones

Combine with MVC, namespaces, autoloading, routing, and middleware for robust applications

🔗 Tembelea:

👉 https://www.faulink.com/

Kwa mafunzo zaidi ya PHP, modular architecture, na best practices za professional projects.